Pareja europea paseando por el paseo marítimo de Marbella con una carpeta de documentos

EU citizen residency in Spain: requirements and how to apply

Citizens of the European Union, the European Economic Area and Switzerland can live and work in Spain freely. But if they are staying for more than three months, they must register with the Central Register of Foreigners and obtain the EU citizen registration certificate, commonly known as “EU residency” or the “green card”. Who has…

Emprendedor extranjero trabajando tras darse de alta como autónomo en España

Registering as self-employed in Spain as a foreigner: 2026 guide

Any foreigner can register as self-employed (autónomo) in Spain, but the order matters: first the NIE, then the digital certificate, then the tax registration (form 036 or 037) and finally the social security registration (RETA), which must be filed before you start trading. Non-EU nationals also need a residence and self-employment work permit. Requirements by…

Documentación para solicitar el NIE en España sobre un escritorio

How to get your NIE in Spain in 2026: requirements, appointment and timescales

The NIE (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) is the personal number Spain assigns to any foreigner with economic, professional or social interests in the country. Without it you cannot sign an employment contract, buy a property, open a bank account, register as self-employed or accept an inheritance. You apply using form EX-15, pay the 790/012…